The maritime transport is at a pivotal moment facing not only immediate concerns resulting from the pandemic, but also long-term shifts in supply-chain design, changes in consumption and a heightened global sustainability and low-carbon agenda.

France and Spain are among the largest economies in the European Union. Spain’s rail infrastructure is more integrated into the international rail corridor connecting Europe and China. France has a wide industrial sector that can be used in the context of expanding the country’s exports to China. The study "France and Spain Export to China: Prospects for Expansion of the Rail Freight Transit" includes a brief overview of the current economies of the countries, an analysis of the commodity exports; as well as the logistics characteristics of the countries.