Italy in 2019 became the first and so far only major Western nation to join the trade and investment program, ignoring warnings from the United States that it might let China take control of sensitive technologies and vital infrastructure.
However, when Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni took office last year, she said she wanted to withdraw from the deal — which was championed by President Xi Jinping — saying it had brought no significant gains to Italy.
The 2019 accord expires in March 2024, and an Italian government source said Rome had sent Beijing a letter «in recent days» informing China that it would not be renewing the pact.
There was no immediate comment from China.
«We have every intention of maintaining excellent relations with China even if we are no longer part of the Belt and Road Initiative,» a second government source said.
«Other [Group of Seven] nations have closer relations with China than we do, despite the fact they were never in [the BRI],» he added.
Italy will assume the presidency of the G7 in 2024.
More than 100 countries have signed agreements with China to cooperate on BRI infrastructure and building projects since the program was launched in 2013. The then Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte hoped for a trade bonanza when he signed up in 2019, but Chinese firms seemed to be the main beneficiaries.
Italian exports to China totaled 16.4 billion euros ($17.7 billion) last year from 13 billion euros in 2019. By contrast, Chinese exports to Italy rose to 57.5 billion from 31.7 billion over the same period, according to Italian data.
Italy’s main euro zone trading partners France and Germany exported significantly more to China last year, despite not being part of the BRI, which is modeled on the old Silk Road that linked China to the West.
Looking to maintain strategic ties, Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani visited Beijing in September and President Sergio Mattarella is due to visit China at some stage next year.
Meloni herself has said she wants to go to Beijing, but no date has been fixed.
Despite being part of the BRI, successive governments in Rome signaled their doubts about the pact by vetoing some proposed takeovers or limiting the sway of Chinese companies over their Italian counterparts.
In June, Meloni’s cabinet curbed the influence of Chinese shareholder Sinochem on Italian tiremaker Pirelli, using «golden power» rules designed to protect strategic assets.
Meloni, who heads a conservative coalition, has been keen to burnish her credentials as a committed pro-NATO leader, and a government source said that she had assured U.S. President Joe Biden earlier this year that Italy would quit the BRI.
