Railroads play a crucial role in the Eurasian ITCs. Because of the speed and reliability of deliveries it provides, railway transportation is starting to compete with shipment by sea (advantage of speed) and air (advantage of cost). The competition with alternative routes has to be taken into account, whereas the strategy should be built around the available advantages of the existing routes and the complementary nature of others.

In 2022, the transport industry in Russia and the EAEU as a whole faced unprecedented challenges in the logistics of goods flows due to large-scale trade restructuring in the wake of sanctions restrictions.