The success of China-Europe rail freight raises the question of its subsidy policy. In 2022, an adjustment seems more likely than an outright end to subsidies.

In recent years, Italy and China have maintained a strong economic relationship despite Italy’s shift away from the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s visit to Beijing highlighted Italy’s intention to continue fostering cooperation, with a focus on high-value sectors and enhancing trade.