Shipping continues to navigate COVID-19 post-pandemic trends, the legacies of the 2021–2022 crunch in global supply chains, a softening in the container shipping market and shifts in shipping and trading patterns arising from the conflict in Ukraine.

Haulage rates have risen steadily by around 5% over 15 months, driven by a mix of economic recovery, global supply chain bottlenecks, rising costs and scarce capacity — particularly of drivers