This piece presents updated insights from a research chapter I authored entitled “China and the European Union: more partners than rivals?” that was published in Routledge’s book “China and Eurasian Powers in a Multipolar World Order 2.0 Security, Diplomacy, Economy and Cyberspace” in March 2023. The article offers a comprehensive analysis of the ever-changing geopolitical dynamics between China and the EU, taking into account the influence of the U.S. approach.

The New Eurasian Land Bridge is an international passageway linking the Pacific and the Atlantic. The bridge runs from China’s coastal cities of Lianyungang and Rizhao to Rotterdam of the Netherlands and Belgium’s Antwerp, passing through Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland and Germany. It serves more than 30 countries and regions.